Feed aggregator

Bien que les avancées scientifiques et les calculs astronomiques offrent désormais la précision nécessaire pour déterminer à l’avance le jour de l’Aïd al-Adha, l’observation de […]

L’article Date de l’Aïd al-Adha 2025 : vendredi ou samedi ? Ces pays ont tranché est apparu en premier sur .

If you take Spain's initiative to its logical conclusion, you quickly see how tonto it was from the get-go.

Les jeunes arrêtés seraient les auteurs d’actes violents commis en novembre dans la ville. Ils ont été dénoncés au Tribunal des mineurs.

Edilso Reguera, a researcher at the Center for Research in Applied Science and Advanced Technology (Cicata) of Mexico’s public National Polytechnic Institute, displays an X-ray diffractometer used to study the structure of materials for electric batteries designed to store and recharge energy. Credit: Emilio Godoy / IPS

By Emilio Godoy
MEXICO, May 27 2025 (IPS)

Researcher Edilso Reguera and his team began studying electric battery manufacturing in 2016, but in 2023, they ramped up efforts to develop a lithium-based prototype for motorcycles.

Commissioned by the Mexico City government in 2022, “we developed the battery from scratch. We are the most advanced research group in the country. We tested it on motorcycles, and it works well,” Reguera explained to IPS in his small office. He is an academic at the Center for Research in Applied Science and Advanced Technology Cicata, part of the National Polytechnic Institute, located in the northern part of the capital.

The research began with funding from the city government, and Cicata took charge of designing, producing, and testing the capacitor batteries."We developed the battery from scratch. We are the most advanced research group in the country. We tested it on motorcycles, and it works well." — Edilso Reguera

In the laboratory, where around 40 students and researchers collaborate, staff analyze materials and examine substances using equipment with near-unpronounceable names, collectively worth thousands of dollars.

The Mexican government plans to promote energy storage in renewable plants and electromobility, making projects like Cicata’s crucial.

“A battery is a storage device, so it works well for multiple applications,” said Reguera, who also heads the National Laboratory for Energy Conversion and Storage under the newly created Ministry of Science, Humanities, Technology, and Innovation.

But this vision remains aspirational in Mexico, where only two photovoltaic projects currently include storage systems. While the government has ambitious plans to boost the sector, details remain unclear.

Despite the state-owned Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) having storage goals since 2004, only two private projects currently have such systems.

One is the Aura Solar III photovoltaic plant, owned by Mexican company Gauss Energía, which has been operating since 2018 in La Paz, the capital of the northwestern state of Baja California Sur. It has a generation capacity of 32 megawatts (MW) and a storage capacity of 10.5 MW.

The other is the La Toba solar park, owned by U.S.-based Invenergy, operational since 2022, also in Baja California Sur, with 35 MW of generation and 20 MW of storage.

This approach allows for savings in energy consumption and costs, as well as backup for the power grid, which is currently under strain due to insufficient generation and maintenance.

Additionally, since wind doesn’t blow constantly and sunlight is only available during the day, renewable energy requires storage capacity to compensate for variability and ensure a stable supply.

Andrés Flores, energy policy director at the non-governmental Iniciativa Climática de México, highlighted the urgency of the issue.

“We are in a high-risk situation, heavily dependent on gas for generation. Due to climate factors, we are already experiencing blackouts,” the expert told IPS.

He explained that Mexico has limited generation capacity and low power reserves, meaning “there is a need to invest in storage to minimize these risks, improve operational flexibility, and integrate more renewables in the near future.”

Flores authored the study Energy Storage in Mexico: Analysis and Policy Proposals, published in January, which identified key challenges, including a 2-gigawatt deficit in operational reserves, limited capacity during peak consumption hours, and concentrated issues during evening and nighttime demand.

The study also found little clarity in energy planning regarding the deployment of storage systems.

The private photovoltaic plant Aura Solar III is one of only two facilities in Mexico equipped with a battery bank for energy storage. Credit: Gauss Energía

Ambitions

Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum, in office since October, presented the 2024-2030 National Electric Sector Strategy a month later, followed in February by the Plan for Strengthening and Expanding the National Electric System, which are interlinked.

The February plan aims to boost the electricity sector through measures such as adding 574 MW across five photovoltaic plants with capacitor batteries, representing a public investment of US$ 223 million. These plants are expected to come online by 2027.

In the same vein, the Federal Electricity Commission is advancing the bidding for phase II of the Puerto Peñasco photovoltaic plant, located in the namesake town in the northern state of Sonora. This phase will add 300 MW of capacity, backed by 10.3 MW in battery storage. The plant’s first phase (120 MW) has been operational since 2023. Once completed in 2026, the full project will deliver 1,000 MW at a cost of US$1.6 billion.

For Karina Cuentas, a researcher at the National Autonomous University of Mexico’s (UNAM) Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, the lag in energy storage stems from a lack of government support.

“We’re behind because not enough funding is allocated to technological development. We have all the tools to make progress, but it’s very difficult due to a lack of resources. There’s enthusiasm because the plan has been presented, along with the roadmap and scenarios to achieve it,” she told IPS from Ensenada, in the northwestern state of Baja California.

“The optimal storage solution for renewables is batteries,” she emphasized.

As president of the non-governmental Mexican Energy Storage Network—a group of around 200 specialists in the field—Cuentas believes progress will depend on “the rules of the game.”

A regulatory framework for energy storage has been in effect since March, but its implementing regulations may take up to two years to finalize, potentially delaying project development.

Additionally, critics argue that the regulation classifies storage backup as part of power generation itself and imposes restrictive guidelines on its applications.

Mexico has an installed capacity of 89,000 MW, and during the first quarter of this year, nearly 61% of electricity generation depended on fossil gas, followed by conventional thermoelectric (6%), wind (nearly 6%), hydroelectric (4.6%), solar photovoltaic (4.2%), coal-fired (3.3%), nuclear (3.2%), gas turbine (3.1%), and geothermal (1.2%).

Renewable energy sources have an installed capacity of over 33,000 MW but contribute only 21% of the electricity. To the current mix, the government’s plan would add 21,893 MW to the national energy grid, aiming to increase clean energy from the current 22.5% to 37.8%.

The electricity sector has suffered from the fossil fuel dependency of former President Andrés Manuel López Obrador administration (2018-2024), who stalled the energy transition—a situation his ally and successor, Sheinbaum, seeks to correct.

The fishing community of San Juanico, in the municipality of Comondú, Baja California Sur, has a hybrid power plant since 1999 combining wind turbines, solar panels, batteries, and a diesel generator for electricity supply. Credit: CFE.

Forgotten Potential 

For over a decade, various studies have highlighted the potential of energy storage systems in this Latin American country, home to 129 million people and the region’s second-largest economy after Brazil.

The Federal Electricity Commission identified at least 169 sites in 2017 with potential for pumped-storage hydropower, but it never invested in this method, which is now difficult to implement due to current drought conditions and insufficient reservoir levels.

Civil society organizations estimate that storage capacity could reach 500 MW for industrial projects and 18 MW for residential photovoltaic systems by 2030.

The government’s National Electric System Development Program for 2024-2038 outlines the deployment of seven gigawatts (GW) of storage systems between in 2024-2028 and eight GW in 2028-2038, but without specifying concrete projects or operational mechanisms.

The International Energy Agency (IEA), which represents major energy consumers, recommends incorporating storage into long-term energy planning and incentivizing its deployment. To this end, it suggests continuing regulatory reviews, implementing policies to promote battery recycling, and adopting measures for the trade of used energy storage systems.

The uncertainty surrounding energy storage progress in Mexico is evident in places like Cicata, where experts have called for stronger support.

“Having domestic technological development brings strength, improves the economy, and creates Mexican industrial companies without relying on foreign technology. Technological development is a matter of national security,” said researcher Reguera.

This year, his priorities include developing a sodium-based battery—safer and cheaper than lithium but with lower energy storage capacity—and securing around three million dollars to build a pilot plant capable of assembling about 500 catalysts daily.

Meanwhile, Cuentas, an energy storage expert, expressed hope that “mechanisms will be put in place to foster technological development in the country. With a more modern grid, variability wouldn’t cause as much disruption—it should withstand renewable energy fluctuations. It’s crucial to have more renewable generation and a strengthened grid.”

Finally, Flores, an energy policy specialist, proposed drafting a dedicated storage program and roadmap.

“There needs to be clarity in their plans. There are complementary options, integrating storage with large-scale traditional and renewable generators. For solar and wind energy, having storage facilities would be ideal,” he suggested.

Une enquête du média «Blick» révèle que plusieurs femmes accusent le metteur en scène Dorian Rossel de harcèlement sexuel.

L’été approche, les étals se colorent, et les pastèques rouges font leur grand retour dans les foyers algériens. Mais derrière leur chair juteuse et leur […]

L’article Himayatec alerte sur des pastèques cancérigènes : voici comment les repérer est apparu en premier sur .

Les experts fédéraux refusent de prendre position sur l’augmentation de 4% prédite par Comparis. Mais ils confirment une hausse plus modérée que les dernières années.

Les Vingt-Sept ont une nouvelle fois reporté leur décision concernant l’octroi du statut de langue officielle de l’UE au catalan, au basque et au galicien, en raison de l’absence d’un soutien unanime.

The post La reconnaissance du catalan, du basque et du galicien comme langues officielles de l’UE une nouvelle fois reportée appeared first on Euractiv FR.

Le meilleur site de paris sportifs international 1xBet fait découvrir le match décisif du principal tournoi de clubs d'Europe, au rendez-vous le 31 mai. Suivez les principes du jeu responsable, laissez votre pronostic via le lien et partagez la victoire avec votre favori !

Nouveau champion ?

Le Paris Saint-Germain, partenaire officiel de 1xBet, vise le premier titre de Ligue des champions de son histoire. Les Parisiens n'ont disputé la finale qu'une seule fois - en 2020, l'équipe avec Neymar et Kylian Mbappé ayant perdu sur la plus petite des marges contre le Bayern 0:1. Aujourd'hui, le géant français mise sur le jeu d'équipe et les jeunes talents. Luis Enrique a fait d'Ousmane Dembélé un prétendant au Ballon d'Or et a également fait confiance à Désiré Doué et João Neves, qui ont acquis de l'expérience et pratiquent un excellent football.

Cette année, le Paris Saint-Germain a la magie de Munich pour lui : lors des quatre finales de C1 disputées dans cette ville, le tournoi produisait à chaque fois un nouveau champion. Luis Enrique peut se vanter également d'un bon bilan dans les matchs décisifs : ses formations ont célébré la victoire 10 fois sur 12. Il est intéressant de noter qu'il s'agit seulement de la deuxième finale de la Ligue des champions de l'histoire opposant des collectifs de France et d'Italie. La première a eu lieu en 1993 et ​​s'est terminée par la victoire de l'Olympique Marseille sur l'AC Milan. Depuis, les équipes françaises ne sont plus montées sur le podium dans ce tournoi.

Après les affrontements en demi-finale, Luis Enrique était heureux que son équipe n'ait pas à jouer contre le FC Barcelone, mais l'Inter pourrait s'avérer un adversaire encore plus coriace. Les Italiens s'adaptent bien au jeu de leur adversaire : ils savent jouer les seconds rôles, gérer la pression et contre-attaquer efficacement.

L'Inter veut accrocher une autre étoile à son palmarès

Il y a deux ans, la troupe de Simone Inzaghi avait subi un échec contre Manchester City en finale de la Ligue des champions et tentera de ne pas trébucher deux fois sur la même pierre. Au total, les Nerazzurri ont participé à 6 matchs décisifs du tournoi avec 3 succès au compteur des Italiens.

L'Inter garde de bons souvenirs de l'Allianz Arena, ayant battu le Bayern 2-1 dans ce stade en quarts de finale. Le succès des pépites de Simone Inzaghi en séries éliminatoires est impressionnant. Les Nerazzurri n'étaient pas favoris lors des chocs contre le Bayern et le FC Barcelone, mais ils ont fait preuve de caractère et se sont défaits de leurs rivaux. Lautaro Martinez mérite une attention particulière. L'Argentin est entré dans le match retour contre les Catalans avec une blessure, mais cela ne l'a pas empêché de marquer un but et d'obtenir un penalty. Heureusement, le capitaine de l'Inter ne sera pas forfait pour la finale.

Le match contre le Barça à Milan est resté dans les mémoires non seulement pour l'exploit de Lautaro, mais aussi pour l'histoire incroyable de Francesco Acerbi - le défenseur de 37 ans a mené le match en prolongation, marquant son premier but en compétition européenne dans les mêmes crampons qu'il avait mis pour la première fois il y a 19 ans. Vont-ils l'aider en finale ? Et quelle autre belle histoire le jeu peut-il nous offrir le 31 mai ? Par exemple, si l'Inter gagne, Henrikh Mkhitaryan deviendra le premier footballeur à remporter la Ligue des champions, la Ligue Europa et la Ligue Conférence.

Cotes : V1 – 2.337, X – 3.43, V2 – 3.32.

Nous espérons que notre revue vous a aidé à choisir votre favori et que vous ferez une prédiction gagnante. Jouez de manière responsable sur le meilleur site de paris sportifs international 1xBet – placez un pari sur le match décisif de la saison via le lien et entrez dans l'histoire du football !

This short commentary offers insights into different aspects of legitimacy building using the example of German polar research contributions to the International Polar Years (IPYs). The piece focuses on three aspects of legitimacy building, with polar science 1) being framed as research concerning the climate crisis, 2) as a subject of science communication, and 3) informing policy.

This short commentary offers insights into different aspects of legitimacy building using the example of German polar research contributions to the International Polar Years (IPYs). The piece focuses on three aspects of legitimacy building, with polar science 1) being framed as research concerning the climate crisis, 2) as a subject of science communication, and 3) informing policy.

This short commentary offers insights into different aspects of legitimacy building using the example of German polar research contributions to the International Polar Years (IPYs). The piece focuses on three aspects of legitimacy building, with polar science 1) being framed as research concerning the climate crisis, 2) as a subject of science communication, and 3) informing policy.

Le centre ouvert mardi à Villigen (AG) vise à améliorer la transition entre la science et le secteur privé.

Les entreprises énergétiques sud-coréennes, qui avaient jusqu’ici fait une percée remarquée dans le secteur nucléaire d’Europe centrale, voient aujourd’hui leurs ambitions remises en question.

The post Les ambitions nucléaires de la Corée du Sud en Europe confrontées à des résistances appeared first on Euractiv FR.

Many governments use various methods, such as internet censorship, media control and surveillance, to hide the numbers and control the message. These tactics restrict access to information, shape public opinion, and monitor online activity. Credit: Shutterstock

By Joseph Chamie
PORTLAND, USA, May 27 2025 (IPS)

In the past, Shakespeare famously wrote in his play Henry VI that the first step for those seeking power was to “kill off the lawyers”. Today, the first step taken by those seeking power is to hide the numbers and control the message.

Various government leaders have adopted a political strategy that involves suppressing basic data, vital information and the statisticians and scientists who collect, analyze, and disseminate these numbers.

Without access to neutral data, objective information, and technically sound analyses, populations are left ill-informed and unable to express dissent. Censorship is often used to suppress numbers that may contradict the goals of government officials in controlling the message.

To gain power over a society, essential economic, social, health, environmental and demographic data, along with any resulting reports, are being suppressed. This suppression is achieved by failing to collect, analyze, publish, and disseminate objective information on levels and trends.

Without access to neutral data, objective information, and technically sound analyses, populations are left ill-informed and unable to express dissent. Censorship is often used to suppress numbers that may contradict the goals of government officials in controlling the message

Statisticians, scientists and others responsible for collecting and reporting data are being dismissed, threatened or silenced. Knowledge-producing institutions that conduct studies are being defunded and reduced in size.

Many governments use various methods, such as internet censorship, media control and surveillance, to hide the numbers and control the message. These tactics restrict access to information, shape public opinion, and monitor online activity.

The primary strategy of many government leaders today is to hide numbers and control the message. Anything that contradicts their message is labeled as false, fake news, lies or treason, leading to legal action, criminal penalties and imprisonment for dissenters and those who publish what officials deem false news.

In countries like Cuba, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Myanmar, North Korea and Turkmenistan, for example, the media serves as a mouthpiece for government officials. Other countries, including Azerbaijan, Belarus, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Hungary, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Somalia, Venezuela, Vietnam, and Yemen, use harassment, surveillance, and detentions to control the media and the message.

In Russia, key demographic statistics on births, deaths, marriages and divorce have been classified following a decline in birth rates.

For about four decades, the Russian total fertility rate has remained well below the replacement level, estimated at approximately 1.4 births per woman in 2024, and the number of births has declined to record lows.

Detailed population data are no longer being published, leading to a lack of publicly available demographic statistics since March 2025.

Russian officials note that despite their country being the largest in the world, their population is decreasing every year because of their below replacement fertility rates.

After decades of population growth, Russia’s population peaked at nearly 150 million in 1990 and has been largely declining since then.

Russia’s current population of about 144 million is projected to continue declining, reaching about 126 million by the close of the century according to the United Nations medium variant projection. Without migration, however, Russia’s population in 2100 is projected to decline to 88 million, or about 60% of its current size (Figure 1).

 

Source: United Nations.

 

To combat declining birth rates, Russian authorities have restricted access to abortions and contraception. They have implemented measures such as banning what they refer to as “child-free propaganda” and promoting traditional family values. Also, they recently announced a ban on TV series and films where women prioritize their careers over having children.

Similarly, in the United States, government leaders are reducing and silencing agencies that collect, analyze, and report vital information.

The communication platforms of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), for example, have gone silent. Crucial health data have been removed from public access and many of the CDC newsletters have stopped being distributed.

Alerts about disease outbreaks, which were previously sent to health professionals subscribed to the CDC’s Health Alert Network, have not been dispatched since March. Also, US officials have cut funding, dismissed staff, and denied negative data reports.

Although some federal health websites have been restored, others are still down after some numbers were purged. CDC has acknowledged that its website is being changed to comply with the executive orders of the president.

Another agency that has experienced staff firings and funding cuts, which has created a danger for public safety and well-being, is the country’s National Weather Service. Those reductions have impacted the collection of vital data used to make forecasts and the staff who analyze the data to issue critical warnings about hazardous and extreme weather.

To control the message, US government officials have reduced funding, fired and silenced staff, and openly dismissed the consequences of their actions.

Government officials deny any negative data and findings on levels and trends that are reported. They also dismiss anything they don’t enjoy hearing by saying those treasonous scientists, statisticians and others are spreading false rumors. And they often blame previous administrations for issues that they cannot dismiss.

Data on the economic effects of the recently announced US tariffs, including increased prices for consumers and businesses, are also being hidden, denied, downplayed or dismissed.

In contrast to the views of leading economists and many of those in the business community, administration officials deflect legitimate criticisms by saying tariffs will help domestic industries, reduce trade deficits and benefit national security and strategic independence.

Efforts to eliminate administration-declared waste, fraud, and abuse have hindered data collection, analysis and dissemination, laid off or put on leave tens of thousands of federal government employees, led to disruptions in services, and adversely affected research and development at various agencies. Troubling information is hidden from the public, and justifications for policy changes and staff layoffs are often confusing, illogical or simply outright lies.

For example, the numbers on the proposed reductions in government funded services and programs, such as Medicaid and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, which provides food benefits to low-income families, coupled with the huge tax benefits to the wealthy are explained away by the use of jingoistic rhetoric, irrelevant issues, political illogic and empty promises.

Also similar to Russia, US government officials wish to raise the country’s low fertility rate, which in 2024 was about 1.6 births per woman. Besides blaming women for the country’s low birth rate, some officials have referred to prominent women without children as “childless cat ladies” and are promoting the return to traditional roles for men and women in American society.

Administration officials are proposing a modest financial incentive of about $5,000 for women to have a baby. Also, a bill proposed by the US House would provide $1,000 to children born between 2025 and 2028 that could be invested on their behalf.

The US population, approximately 342 million in 2025, is continuing to increase in size, after having more than doubled since 1950.

However, again, similar to Russia, the future growth of the US population depends on migration. The US Census Bureau reports that without migration, the country’s population is projected to decline by about a third by the close of the century.

Also, according to the United Nations medium variant projection, the US population is projected to reach approximately 420 million by the end of the century. Without migration, however, the US population in 2100 is projected to decline to 268 million, or approximately 78% of its current size (Figure 2).

 

Source: United Nations.

 

In 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Under Article 19 of that Declaration, everyone has the right to seek, receive and impart news and express opinions.

Also, during the past several decades, many countries, especially in Europe, recognized that it was essential to ensure that national statistical systems would be able to produce appropriate data and analyses that adhered to certain professional and scientific standards.

In 1994, the United Nations Statistical Commission adopted the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics. Two decades later, the United Nations General Assembly endorsed the Fundamental Principles, stressing the critical role of high-quality official statistical information in analysis and informed policy decision-making and in support of sustainable development, peace and security.

In sum, to promote informed policy decision-making and prevent governments from hiding data and controlling the message, transparency, objectivity and accountability are crucial. These qualities are necessary for holding government officials accountable and ensuring the public is informed with objective, reliable and timely data and analyses.

Joseph Chamie is a consulting demographer, a former director of the United Nations Population Division, and author of many publications on population issues, including his recent book, “Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials”.

 

Le sélectionneur national Vladimir Petkovic est attendu demain à Alger. Il animera le lendemain la conférence de presse d’avant-stage et ce sera l’occasion de connaitre […]

L’article Algérie – Rwanda et Suède – Algérie : Petkovic annoncera sa liste à cette date est apparu en premier sur .

Quelle : © Europäische Union, 2025 - EP

Après la Côte d'Ivoire et le Burkina Faso, c'est le tour du Bénin d'abriter la conférence sous régionale et internationale des dirigeants financiers et des contrôleurs de Gestion.

Du 26 au 28 mai 2025, la Chambre de commerce et d'industrie du Bénin accueille les journées West Africa Financial Days, qui est une plateforme sous régionale et internationale d'échanges entre les dirigeants financiers et les contrôleurs de gestion sur différentes thématiques. L'évènement est placé sous le parrainage de Romuald Wadagni, ministre d'État chargé de l'Économie et des Finances, et réunit les participants venus de la France, du Maroc, de la Tunisie, du Burkina Faso, de la Cote d'Ivoire, du Togo et Bénin et ceux de plusieurs institutions sous régionales (BOAD, BRVM, etc).
Les travaux vont tourner autour du thème : « Évolution de la fonction finance de l'entreprise, dans un environnement numérisé et digitalisé, durable et incertain : enjeux et défis nouveaux du DAF/DFC, du contrôleur de gestion et du crédit manager ».
Durant la première journée, les sous thèmes abordés sont : « Le rôle du DAF/DFC : pilotage de la performance de l'entreprise » ; « Cartographie des risques : Outil de gouvernance et de croissance de l'entreprise » ; la « digitalisation de la fonction financière : l'IA au service des DAF et du contrôle » ; et « Le DAF et le contrôleur de gestion face aux risques de fraude et de corruption dans l'entreprise ».

Toutes ces interventions visent à explorer les technologies émergentes et leur impact sur la fonction financière, les défis éthiques et réglementaires auxquels sont confrontés les professionnels de la finance et des stratégies pour améliorer la performance et la résilience des entreprises face aux risques permanents de fraude et de la corruption.
La seconde journée, le 27 mai, est marquée par des panels sur des sujets tels que « Enjeux et Atouts de l'IA : Comment les DAF et les Contrôleurs de Gestion doivent se positionner pour en tirer avantage et transformer durablement les entreprises, tout en améliorant leurs performances ? », ainsi que « Enjeux et Atouts de la Finance Durable dans les États de l'UEMOA : au Regard des Performances et de la Compétitivité des Entreprises à l'International ».
Les participants auront également l'occasion de visiter le port de Cotonou, un point névralgique pour le commerce dans la région. Le dernier jour, le 28 mai, sera consacré à l'Assemblée générale extraordinaire élective de l'AP-FCG/UEMOA, au renouvellement des membres du Conseil d'administration du Bureau exécutif, ainsi qu'à des visites de la Zone Industrielle de Glo-Djigbé et de sites touristiques à Ouidah.
Après la rencontre de Cotonou, viendront le tour des autres pays membres de l'UEMOA.

The European Commission president has made her sharpest rebuke yet of Benjamin Netanyahu’s government.

Amadou Mansour Faye de son vrai nom a été placé lundi sous mandat de dépôt, à l’issue de sa comparution devant la chambre d’accusation de la Haute cour de justice récemment mise en place au Sénégal.